More on Thermoset vs Thermoplastic Insulation for your Copper Wire

Posted by Kate Wednesday, July 28th, 2010 at 13:21

This month’s (or two month’s) edition of Wiring Harness News had a good article written by Anixter on “Thermoplastic vs Thermoset Wire and Cable Materials.”  Since we highlighted this subject last month, we thought we’d give you some more information.

Firstly, Anixter created a nice reference graph listing general characteristics of the two material types and their implications to users:

“The variety of materials available to modern wire and cable manufacturers is immense.  This results in a wide range of properties within each material type.  The table is a generalized summary that does not apply to every material.  It is important to understand how the properties impact the performance of the product in the intended application.  Generally speaking, within a given material type, the old adage, “You get what you paid for,” still applies.”

Aside from describing the main characteristics of the two materials, which we did in our original post, they offer some thoughts in response to the question of how do I choose a material for my application?


“Knowing that the key difference between a thermoplastic and thermoset is in the way they respond to elevated temperatures can be an important aspect of which material to choose.  For example, thermoset materials are often chosen for circuits that may experience and overload.  This is because thermoset materials have a reduced likelihood of failure if momentarily operated at the higher temperatures that often accompany an overloaded conductor.  Comparatively, thermoplastics are often easier to strip, which makes them easier to process on automated equipment for large volume applications.”

Some great additions, thanks to Anixter.  You can find their full article here (.pdf format)

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Types of Material Used for Wire Insulation

Posted by Kate Tuesday, June 29th, 2010 at 12:29

Wood Fire Oven

The insulating materials commonly used to cover copper wire (and other) electrical conductors fall into two broad classes: Thermoplastic and Thermoset.

What’s the difference?

If we take a look at our Fundamentals of Rome Wire and Cable Manual (yes, it’s from a long time ago but yes, it’s still entirely applicable), we have the following descriptions:

Thermoplastic: This material is one that will soften and even melt when exposed to a sufficiently high temperature.  In other words, when the material is originally compounded, it becomes relatively hard yet pliable, much like most plastics we encounter in our daily lives.  However, if it is exposed to high temperature at some future time, it softens and melts. The major reason for selecting a thermoplastic material is because it is the most economical type of insulation.

Some of the commonly used thermoplastic insulations used nowadays:

  • PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
  • PE (Polyethylene)
  • ECTFE
  • PVDF
  • Nylon

Thermoset: This material, on the other hand, does not soften when exposed to high temperatures.  Once it’s compounded and cured, it becomes “rubbery” and retains its properties even when exposed to high temperatures….Thermoset insulations are usually used where the wire or cable will be exposed to high temperatures.

Some thermoset insulations often used are:

  • XLPE
  • CPE
  • EPR

[UPDATE: We've added a few more pieces of useful information on this topic here]

Photo credit: John

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